Reading+log+1

 **Great Job **  **3pts ** Your job will be to read the article and answer the questions given

Read the following text and answer the following questions:
 * __Reading Log 1__**

I. Pre-reading: a. What do you know about the chaos theory? b. What do you think the text will be about? c. Write a list of five words (minimum) that you think you can find in the text you will read.

Now click on the following link, then check your previous responses. Once you finish, please answer the questions below the picture []

Image taken on Sept 11th, 2008 from: []

II. Reading: 1. Read the text and check if you can find any of the words you wrote in your list (the one you wrote in the pre-reading, letter c.) 2. Underline all the definitions you find in the text. 3. In the definitions: Mark the term being defined, the general class words and the characteristics of the terms. 4. Find the descriptions if any. 5. Find what the following referents, underlined in the sentences below, refer to in the text. Be careful some items more contain more than one referent:

a. Chaos Theory, theory describing the complex and unpredictable motion or dynamics of systems __**that**__ are sensitive to **__their initial conditions__** b. Until recently, it was believed that if the dynamics of a system behaved unpredictably, **__it__** was due to random external influences c. “It may happen that small differences in the initial conditions produce very great ones in the final phenomena. A small error in __**the former**__ will produce an enormous error in __ **the latter** __. Prediction becomes impossible.…” d. The ramifications of Poincaré's discovery were not fully appreciated by most scientists until computers allowed **__them__** to easily model and visualize chaotic systems. e. He demonstrated visually that there was structure in his chaotic weather model __ **that** __, __**when plotted**__ ...

6. What new aspects did you discover about the chaos theory? 7. Is the chaos theory related to real life aspects? Explain

I. Pre-reading: a. The chaos theory consists in a quantitative explanation about natural phenomena or generally unpredictable phenomena, in other words, is about describe reality in mathematical o physics terms. b. The test will be a definition or explanation about chaos theory answering to “what is this about?” c. 1. Systems. 2. Unpredictable. 3. Chaotic. 4. Phenomena 5. Variable    **Super ** II. Reading 1. Words found: Systems, unpredictable, phenomena.
 * Good **

2, 3 and 4. (Subrayado negro son __Definitions__, Palabas en morado son Term being defined, Palabras en azul son General Class Word y Palabras en rojo son Characteristics . Marcado en verde son Descriptions )

__ Chaos Theory, theory describing the complex and unpredictable motion or dynamics of systems that are sensitive to their initial conditions __ ** Good **  __ .__ __ Chaotic systems are mathematically deterministic—that is, they follow precise laws , but their irregular behavior can appear to be random to the casual observer __.  **not a definition **Chaotic behavior is common in systems as varied as electric circuits, measles outbreaks, lasers clashing gears, heart rhythms, electrical brain activity, circadian rhythms, fluids, animal populations, and chemical reactions. It is suspected that even economic systems, such as the stock exchange, may be chaotic. The field of chaos is evolving rapidly from a theoretical to an applied science. The dynamic nature of the universe has led to a great deal of scientific research dedicated to analyzing change. Until recently, it was believed that if the dynamics of a system behaved unpredictably, it was due to random external influences. Therefore, scientists concluded that if random influences could be eliminated, then the behavior of all such deterministic systems could be predicted indefinitely. It is now known that many systems can exhibit long-term unpredictability even in the absence of random influences. Such systems are called chaotic **<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Definition **. Even very simple systems, such as a pendulum, exhibit chaos. The unpredictability of chaotic systems arises due to their sensitivity to their initial conditions, such as their initial position and velocity. Two identical chaotic systems set in motion with slightly different initial conditions can quickly exhibit motions that are quite different. French mathematician Henri Poincaré concluded that he could not prove the solar system to be completely predictable. He was the first to state the defining feature of what later became known as __ chaos : “It may happen that small differences in the initial conditions produce very great ones in the final phenomena. A small error in the former will produce an enormous error in the latter. Prediction becomes impossible.__…”<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;">not a definition ** The ramifications of Poincaré's discovery were not fully appreciated by most scientists until computers allowed them to easily model and visualize chaotic systems. Before then, however, pioneering scientists and engineers at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration used Poincaré's work to send people and satellites into orbit. Edward Lorenz, an American meteorologist, discovered in the early 1960s that a simplified computer model of the weather demonstrated extreme sensitivity to the initial measured state of the weather (//see// Meteorology). He demonstrated visually that there was structure in his chaotic weather model that, when plotted in three dimensions, fell onto a butterfly-shaped fractal set of points of a type now known as a strange attractor <span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;">good **. Lorenz rediscovered chaos and proved that long-range forecasting of the weather was impossible. 

By the early 1980s, experiments regularly showed that many physical and biological systems behave chaotically. One of the first such systems to be discovered was the __ dripping water faucet. Under certain conditions, the timing between water drops from a leaking faucet demonstrates chaotic behavior __<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Nop **, making the long-term prediction of the timing of drops impossible. According to recent evidence, Poincaré's observations concerning the unpredictability of the solar system appear to be correct. Observations and computer simulations of the irregular tumbling motion of Hyperion, a potato-shaped moon of Saturn, have provided the first conclusive proof that objects in the solar system can behave chaotically. Recent computer simulations have also shown that the orbit of Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system <span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Definition **, is chaotic. Scientists are currently developing applications that use chaos. New chaos-aware control techniques are being used to stabilize lasers, manipulate chemical reactions, encode information, and change chaotic heart rhythms into healthy, regular heart rhythms.

6. I didn't know that small differences in the initial conditions produce very great ones in the final phenomena, and i could see that Henri Poincaré was the first in making an idea of what chaos is. I realized too some new aplications of this concept of Chaos and i think this is an area that promises and it should be really explored. <span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;">"I" is always in capital letters **

7. Yes, i think chaos is related to real life aspects. Besides the new aplications found in the text (they're are prove that chaos is related to real life) it is said too that chaos is present in a set of phenomena, even if they have a relative order as the beat of a heart or electric brain activity, chaos is present in all of them. Therefore we could find chaos in all the phenomena that take place in the enviroment and ourselves, and so, study and explored this field too extract benefits to our live. <span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **<span style="color: #05a305; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Great Job **